Will in Favor of Mothers of Children
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1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالَ نَسَخْتُ مِنْ كِتَابٍ بِخَطِّ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فُلانٌ مَوْلاكَ تُوُفِّيَ ابْنُ أَخٍ لَهُ وَتَرَكَ أُمَّ وَلَدٍ لَهُ لَيْسَ لَهَا وَلَدٌ فَأَوْصَى لَهَا بِأَلْفٍ هَلْ تَجُوزُ الْوَصِيَّةُ وَهَلْ يَقَعُ عَلَيْهَا عِتْقٌ وَمَا حَالُهَا رَأْيُكَ فَدَتْكَ نَفْسِي فَكَتَبَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) تُعْتَقُ فِي الثُّلُثِ وَلَهَا الْوَصِيَّةُ.
1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr who has narrated the following: “I once copied the following from a book with the handwriting of abu al-Hassan (a.s.). It said, ’So and so, your Maxvla’ (friend), has died leaving behind a son of his brother, a mother of his child who does not have a child but he has assigned in his will one thousand for her; if such will is lawful and if freedom applies to her and her condition. It is a request for your opinion, I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause.’ He (the Imam) (a.s.), had written on it, ’She is free in one-third and the will belongs to her.”’
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2- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْمَاضِي (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَلَهُ أُمُّ وَلَدٍ وَقَدْ جَعَلَ لَهَا شَيْئاً فِي حَيَاتِهِ ثُمَّ مَاتَ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ لَهَا مَا أَثَابَهَا بِهِ سَيِّدُهَا فِي حَيَاتِهِ مَعْرُوفٌ ذَلِكَ لَهَا تُقْبَلُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ شَهَادَةُ الرَّجُلِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ وَالْخَادِمِ غَيْرِ الْمُتَّهَمِينَ.
2. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Husayn ibn Khalid who has narrated the following: “I once wrote to abu al-Hassan, before this abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a man who died and left behind a mother of child for whom he willed something in his lifetime, then died. He (the Imam) wrote, ‘She can have what her master had given her in his lifetime in an acceptable manner. The testimony of both man and woman is acceptable in it as well as the testimony of a servant who is not accused of wrong doing.’”
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3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي أُمِّ الْوَلَدِ إِذَا مَاتَ عَنْهَا مَوْلاهَا وَقَدْ أَوْصَى لَهَا قَالَ تُعْتَقُ فِي الثُّلُثِ وَلَهَا الْوَصِيَّةُ.
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from those whom he has mentioned who have narrated the following: “About the case of the mother of a child, when her master dies who has made a will for her, abu al- Hassan, al-Rida’ (a.s.), has said, ‘She becomes free in one-third and the will belongs to her.’”
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4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ أُمُّ وَلَدٍ وَلَهُ مِنْهَا غُلامٌ فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ أَوْصَى لَهَا بِأَلْفَيْ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ بِأَكْثَرَ لِلْوَرَثَةِ أَنْ يَسْتَرِقُّوهَا قَالَ فَقَالَ لا بَلْ تُعْتَقُ مِنْ ثُلُثِ الْمَيِّتِ وَتُعْطَى مَا أَوْصَى لَهَا بِهِ. وَفِي كِتَابِ الْعَبَّاسِ تُعْتَقُ مِنْ نَصِيبِ ابْنِهَا وَتُعْطَى مِنْ ثُلُثِهِ مَا أَوْصَى لَهَا بِهِ.
4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from all from ibn Mahbub from Jamil ibn Salih from abu ‘ Ubaydah who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who had a mother of a child from whom he had a boy; and at the time of his death, willed for her two thousand or more; if the heirs can keep her as a slave-girl. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, they cannot keep her as a slave. She becomes free in one-third of the legacy of the deceased and receives what is willed for her.’ “In the book of al- ‘Abbas it is said that she is freed from the share of her son and what is willed for her is given from the one-third of his legacy.”