Divorce of People with Mental Condition and Insane Ones and their Guardian
7 hadiths
1
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ الْقَمَّاطِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) الرَّجُلُ الْأَحْمَقُ الذَّاهِبُ الْعَقْلِ يَجُوزُ طَلَاقُ وَلِيِّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ وَ لِمَ لَا يُطَلِّقُ هُوَ قُلْتُ لَا يُؤْمَنُ إِنْ طَلَّقَ هُوَ أَنْ يَقُولَ غَداً لَمْ أُطَلِّقْ أَوْ لَا يُحْسِنُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ قَالَ مَا أَرَى وَلِيَّهُ إِلَّا بِمَنْزِلَةِ السُّلْطَانِ .
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id, from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd, from Muhammad ibn abu Hamzah from abu Khalid al-Qammat who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who has a mental condition and his reason is gone; if divorce by his guardian is permissible. He (the Imam) said, ‘Why does he not divorce?’ I replied, ‘He does not feel safe because tomorrow he may say that he did not divorce or he does not know how to do it.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘I do not see his guardian except like a sultan (king, authority).”’
2
أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ وَ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الرَّزَّازُ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ وَ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سَمَاعَةَ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ الْقَمَّاطِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) رَجُلٌ يَعْرِفُ رَأْيَهُ مَرَّةً وَ يُنْكِرُهُ أُخْرَى يَجُوزُ طَلَاقُ وَلِيِّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ مَا لَهُ هُوَ لَا يُطَلِّقُ قُلْتُ لَا يَعْرِفُ حَدَّ الطَّلَاقِ وَ لَا يُؤْمَنُ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ طَلَّقَ الْيَوْمَ أَنْ يَقُولَ غَداً لَمْ أُطَلِّقْ قَالَ مَا أَرَاهُ إِلَّا بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْإِمَامِ يَعْنِي الْوَلِيَّ .
2. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar and abu al-‘Abbas al-Razzaz from Ayyub ibn Nuh and Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from ‘Abd Allah from Safwan from abu Khalid al-Qammat who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who sometime understands and sometimes does not understand: if his divorce by his guardian is permissible. He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is the matter with him, why does he not divorce?’ I replied, ‘He does not know the rules of divorce and does not feel safe. Perhaps tomorrow he will say that he did not divorce.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘I do not see him (guardian) except like an Imam (in his case).”’
3
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ بُكَيْرٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ بُرَيْدٍ وَ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ وَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْأَزْرَقِ وَ مَعْمَرِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) أَنَّ الْمُوَلَّهَ لَيْسَ لَهُ طَلَاقٌ وَ لَا عِتْقُهُ عِتْقٌ .
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from ‘Umar ibn ‘Udhaynah from Zurarah and Bukayr and Muhammad ibn Muslim and Burayd and Fudayl ibn Yasar Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah ’Isma‘il ibn al-Azraq and Mu’ammar ibn Yahya who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, and abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, have said, ‘Divorce by al-Muwallah (confused, excited, awestruck); one’s divorce and setting free of slaves is not valid.’”
4
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنْ طَلَاقِ الْمَعْتُوهِ الذَّاهِبِ الْعَقْلِ أَ يَجُوزُ طَلَاقُهُ قَالَ لَا وَ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا كَانَتْ كَذَلِكَ أَ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُهَا أَوْ صَدَقَتُهَا قَالَ لَا .
4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad ibn abu Nasr from ‘Abd al-Karim from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who has a mental condition whose reason has gone; if his divorce is permissible. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not permissible.’ About a woman of the same condition if her selling and charity is permissible, he (the Imam) said, ‘It is not permissible.’”
5
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ شِهَابِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) الْمَعْتُوهُ الَّذِي لَا يُحْسِنُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ يُطَلِّقُ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ عَلَى السُّنَّةِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ جَهِلَ فَطَلَّقَهَا ثَلَاثاً فِي مَقْعَدٍ قَالَ يُرَدُّ إِلَى السُّنَّةِ فَإِذَا مَضَتْ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةُ قُرُوءٍ فَقَدْ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ بِوَاحِدَةٍ .
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from al-Hassan ibn Salih from Shihab ibn ‘Abd Rabbihi who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If a man because of a mental condition cannot divorce properly, his guardian must do it for him according to Sunnah .’ I then asked, ‘What happens if because of ignorance he divorced her three times at the same place and time?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is returned to the Sunnah and when three months pass or three Hayd (menses)-free periods, she becomes stranger to him with one divorce.’”
6
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ كُلُّ طَلَاقٍ جَائِزٌ إِلَّا طَلَاقَ الْمَعْتُوهِ أَوِ الصَّبِيِّ أَوْ مُبَرْسَمٍ أَوْ مَجْنُونٍ أَوْ مَكْرُوهٍ .
6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Divorce is permissible except divorce by a man with mental condition, a child or Mubarsam, (suffering from a disease of diaphragm), an insane or a coerced one.”’
7
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ الْقَمَّاطِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) فِي طَلَاقِ الْمَعْتُوهِ قَالَ يُطَلِّقُ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ فَإِنِّي أَرَاهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْإِمَامِ .
7. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn Sinan from abu Khalid al-Qammat who has said the following: “About the case of a man suffering from a mental condition, abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘His guardian divorces for him because I see him like the Imam (for him).”’