Woman Lawful in Marriage for the Holy Prophet
8 hadiths
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1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِنَّا أَحْلَلْنا لَكَ أَزْواجَكَ قُلْتُ كَمْ أُحِلَّ لَهُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ قَالَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ قُلْتُ قَوْلُهُ لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّساءُ مِنْ بَعْدُ وَلا أَنْ تَبَدَّلَ بِهِنَّ مِنْ أَزْواجٍ فَقَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَنْ يَنْكِحَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْ بَنَاتِ عَمِّهِ وَبَنَاتِ عَمَّاتِهِ وَبَنَاتِ خَالِهِ وَبَنَاتِ خَالاتِهِ وَأَزْوَاجِهِ اللاتِي هَاجَرْنَ مَعَهُ وَأُحِلَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْكِحَ مِنْ عُرْضِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِغَيْرِ مَهْرٍ وَهِيَ الْهِبَةُ وَلا تَحِلُّ الْهِبَةُ إِلا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَأَمَّا لِغَيْرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَلا يَصْلُحُ نِكَاحٌ إِلا بِمَهْرٍ وَذَلِكَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَامْرَأَةً مُؤْمِنَةً إِنْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَها لِلنَّبِيِّ قُلْتُ أَرَأَيْتَ قَوْلَهُ تُرْجِي مَنْ تَشاءُ مِنْهُنَّ وَتُؤْوِي إِلَيْكَ مَنْ تَشاءُ قَالَ مَنْ آوَى فَقَدْ نَكَحَ وَمَنْ أَرْجَأَ فَلَمْ يَنْكِحْ قُلْتُ قَوْلُهُ لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّساءُ مِنْ بَعْدُ قَالَ إِنَّمَا عَنَى بِهِ النِّسَاءَ اللاتِي حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهاتُكُمْ وَبَناتُكُمْ وَأَخَواتُكُمْ إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ وَلَوْ كَانَ الأمْرُ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ كَانَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ لَكُمْ مَا لَمْ يَحِلَّ لَهُ إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَسْتَبْدِلُ كُلَّمَا أَرَادَ وَلَكِنْ لَيْسَ الأمْرُ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَحَلَّ لِنَبِيِّهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَا أَرَادَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ إِلا مَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ الَّتِي فِي النِّسَاءِ.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from af-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘O Holy prophet, we have made your wives lawful for you’ (33:50) and that how many wives has He made lawful for him (the Holy Prophet)? He (the Imam) said, ‘As many as he wanted were lawful for him? I then asked about His words, ‘Thereafter women are not lawful for you and it also is not lawful to exchange with wives? (33:53) He (the Imam) said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, had permission to marry as many as he wanted of the daughters of his uncle, daughters of his aunts, daughters of his maternal uncles daughters of his maternal aunts and his wives who migrated with him and it was made lawful for him to marry whoever of believing women presented themselves to him without mahr (dower) as a gift and that such a gift is not lawful for people other than the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. For people other than the Messenger of Allah marriage without mahr (dower) is not valid and that is the meaning of the words of the most High, “and a believing woman who gifts herself to the Holy Prophet?’ (33:49) I then asked about the meaning of His words, ‘You can defer whoever you like and accommodate whoever you like? (33:51) He (the Imam) said, ‘Whoever came forward he married and those who did not he did not marry? I then asked about the meaning of, ‘Thereafter women are not lawful for you? He (the Imam) said, ‘It refers to the women mentioned in this verse, “Unlawful to you for marriage are your mothers, daughters, sisters . . ?’ (4:23) Had it been as they say it is, it became lawful for you those who are not lawful for him, that one of you could exchange whenever he wanted but it is not as they say. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, made it lawful for His Holy prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, whatever he wanted of women except those unlawful in this verse? (4:23)”
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2- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّساءُ مِنْ بَعْدُ وَلا أَنْ تَبَدَّلَ بِهِنَّ مِنْ أَزْواجٍ وَلَوْ أَعْجَبَكَ حُسْنُهُنَّ إِلا ما مَلَكَتْ يَمِينُكَ فَقَالَ أَرَاكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ تَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ مَا لَمْ يَحِلَّ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَقَدْ أَحَلَّ اللهُ تَعَالَى لِرَسُولِهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَا شَاءَ إِنَّمَا قَالَ لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّسَاءُ مِنْ بَعْدِ الَّذِي حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكَ قَوْلُهُ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهاتُكُمْ وَبَناتُكُمْ إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ.
2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from abu Najran from ‘Asem ibn Hamid from abu Basir who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘Other than these women are not lawful or to exchange wives even though their beauty may attract you except what your right hands possess?(33:52) He (the Imam) said, ‘I see that you think it is lawful for you what is unlawful for the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, when Allah, most High has made lawful for His Messenger, to marry as many as he wanted. He has said, “other than these ‘woman’” are not lawful for you after that he has made unlawful to you meaning the “women” mentioned in the following verse, “Unlawful to you for marriage are your mothers, daughters . . .” (4:23)’”
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3- الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالا سَأَلْنَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) كَمْ أُحِلَّ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مِنَ النِّسَاءِ قَالَ مَا شَاءَ يَقُولُ بِيَدِهِ هَكَذَا وَهِيَ لَهُ حَلالٌ يَعْنِي يَقْبِضُ يَدَهُ.
3. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Washsha’ from Jamil ibn Darraj Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Humran who has said the following: “We once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘How many women were lawful for the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. He (the Imam) said, ‘As many as he (the Messenger of Allah) wanted’ - making a hand gesture by keeping it closed he (the Imam) said - ‘it was lawful for him.’”
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4- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِنَبِيِّهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِنَّا أَحْلَلْنا لَكَ أَزْواجَكَ كَمْ أَحَلَّ لَهُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ قَالَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ قُلْتُ [قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ] وَامْرَأَةً مُؤْمِنَةً إِنْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَها لِلنَّبِيِّ فَقَالَ لا تَحِلُّ الْهِبَةُ إِلا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَأَمَّا لِغَيْرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ فَلا يَصْلُحُ نِكَاحٌ إِلا بِمَهْرٍ قُلْتُ أَرَأَيْتَ قَوْلَ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّساءُ مِنْ بَعْدُ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا عَنَى بِهِ لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّسَاءُ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللهُ فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهاتُكُمْ وَبَناتُكُمْ وَأَخَواتُكُمْ وَعَمَّاتُكُمْ وَخالاتُكُمْ إِلَى آخِرِهَا وَلَوْ كَانَ الأمْرُ كَمَا تَقُولُونَ كَانَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ لَكُمْ مَا لَمْ يُحِلَّ لَهُ لأنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَسْتَبْدِلُ كُلَّمَا أَرَادَ وَلَكِنْ لَيْسَ الأمْرُ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَحَلَّ لِنَبِيِّهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَنْ يَنْكِحَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَا أَرَادَ إِلا مَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ فِي سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ.
4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn abu Najran from ‘Abd al-Karim ibn ‘Amr from abu Bakr al- Hadramiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, to His the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, ‘O prophet, we have made your wives lawful for you.’ (33:50) and that how many wives has He made lawful for him (the Holy Prophet)? He (the Imam) said, ‘As many as he wanted were lawful for him.’ I then asked about His words, ‘. . . and the believing woman who gifts herself for the Holy Prophet,’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Such a gift is not lawful for people, except the Messenger of Allah; people other than the Messenger of Allah cannot marry without mahr (dower); it is not valid.’ I then asked about the meaning of ‘. . . thereafter women are not lawful for you.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It refers to the women mentioned in this verse, “Unlawful to you for marriage are your mothers, daughters, sisters . . .” (4:23) Had it been as they say it is, those who are not lawful for him became lawful for you, that one of you could exchange whenever he wanted. It is not as they say. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, made it lawful for His Holy prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, as many as he wanted of women except those unlawful in this verse (4:23). The Messenger of Allah had permission to marry as many as he wanted of women except those unlawful in this verse (4:23).’”
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5- وَعَنْهُ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَغَيْرِهِ فِي تَسْمِيَةِ نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَنَسَبِهِنَّ وَصِفَتِهِنَّ عَائِشَةُ وَحَفْصَةُ وَأُمُّ حَبِيبٍ بِنْتُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ وَزَيْنَبُ بِنْتُ جَحْشٍ وَسَوْدَةُ بِنْتُ زَمْعَةَ وَمَيْمُونَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ وَصَفِيَّةُ بِنْتُ حَيِّ بْنِ أَخْطَبَ وَأُمُّ سَلَمَةَ بِنْتُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ وَجُوَيْرِيَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ وَكَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ مِنْ تَيْمٍ وَحَفْصَةُ مِنْ عَدِيٍّ وَأُمُّ سَلَمَةَ مِنْ بَنِي مَخْزُومٍ وَسَوْدَةُ مِنْ بَنِي أَسَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى وَزَيْنَبُ بِنْتُ جَحْشٍ مِنْ بَنِي أَسَدٍ وَعِدَادُهَا مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَأُمُّ حَبِيبٍ بِنْتُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَمَيْمُونَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ مِنْ بَنِي هِلالٍ وَصَفِيَّةُ بِنْتُ حَيِّ بْنِ أَخْطَبَ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَمَاتَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) عَنْ تِسْعِ نِسَاءٍ وَكَانَ لَهُ سِوَاهُنَّ الَّتِي وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِلنَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَخَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ أُمُّ وُلْدِهِ وَزَيْنَبُ بِنْتُ أَبِي الْجَوْنِ الَّتِي خُدِعَتْ وَالْكِنْدِيَّةُ.
5. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from ‘ Asem ibn Hamid from Abu Basir and others about the names of the wives of the Holy Prophet, and their relations and qualities has said the following: “The names of the wives of the Holy Prophet, were: ‘A’ishah, Hafsah, ‘Umm Habib daughter of abu Sufyan ibn Harb, Zaynab daughter of Jahash, Sawdah daughter of Zam‘ah, Maymunah daughter of al- Harith, Safiyah daughter of Hay ibn Akhtab, ‘Umm Salamah daughter of abu ‘Umayyah and Juwayriyah daughter of al-Harith. ‘A’ishah was from the tribe of Tamim, Hafsah from the tribe of ‘Adiy, ‘Umm Salamah was from the tribe of Banu Makhzum. Sawdah was from the tribe of Banu Asad ibn ‘Abd al-‘Uzza’, Zaynab daughter of Jahash was from the tribe of Banu Asad, certain ones were from Banu ‘Umayyah, ‘Umm Habib daughter of Abu Sufyan was from the tribe of banu ‘Umayyah, Maymunah daughter of al-Harith was from the tribe of banu Hilal and Safiyah daughter Hay Akhtab was from banu Israel. He (the Messenger of Allah), O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, died and he had nine wives. Besides these, there were those who had given themselves as a gift to the Holy Prophet. Khadijah daughter of Khuwaylid was (his first wife and) the mother of his children. Also of his wives were Zaynab daughter of Abu al-Jawn who was deceived and al-Kindiyah.”
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6- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) لَمْ يَتَزَوَّجْ عَلَى خَدِيجَةَ.
6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, did not marry a second wife in Khadijah’s lifetime.’”
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7- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ زَوَّجَهَا إِيَّاهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ وَهُوَ صَغِيرٌ لَمْ يَبْلُغِ الْحُلُمَ.
7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Salmah ibn al-Khattab from al-Hassan Ali ibn Yaqtin from ‘Asem ibn Hamid from Ibrahim ibn abu Yahya who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah married ‘Umm Salamah and she was given in marriage to him (the Messenger of Allah) by ‘Umar ibn abu Salmah who was small and was not mature yet.’”
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8- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَاصِمِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَرَأَيْتَ قَوْلَ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّساءُ مِنْ بَعْدُ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا لَمْ يَحِلَّ لَهُ النِّسَاءُ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهاتُكُمْ وَبَناتُكُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ كُلِّهَا وَلَوْ كَانَ الأمْرُ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ لَكَانَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ لَكُمْ مَا لَمْ يُحِلَّ لَهُ هُوَ لأنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَسْتَبْدِلُ كُلَّمَا أَرَادَ وَلَكِنْ لَيْسَ الأمْرُ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ أَحَادِيثُ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) خِلافُ أَحَادِيثِ النَّاسِ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَحَلَّ لِنَبِيِّهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَنْ يَنْكِحَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَا أَرَادَ إِلا مَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فِي سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ.
8. Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-‘Asemiy has narrated from abu al-Hassan ibn Faddal from Ali ibn Asbat from his uncle Ya’qub ibn Salim from abu Basir who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the meaning of the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘Thereafter women are not lawful for you. . . (33:53) He (the Imam) said, ‘Unlawful for him were the women mentioned in the verse, "Unlawful for you to marry are your mothers, daughters. . .” (4:23) Had it been as they say it is, those who are not lawful for him became lawful for you, that one of you could exchange whenever he wanted. It is not as they say. Ahadith of Ale Muhammad, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, are different from the Ahadith of people. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, made it lawful for His Holy prophet to marry as many as he wanted of women except those unlawful in this verse (4:23).’”