The Desirability of Marriage for Women at Puberty and Fortifying them with Marriage
1
1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ مِنْ سَعَادَةِ الْمَرْءِ أَنْ لا تَطْمَثَ ابْنَتُهُ فِي بَيْتِهِ.
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It is of the good fortune of a man whose daughter does not experience Hayd (menses) in his home.’”
2
2- بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا سَقَطَ عَنِّي إِسْنَادُهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ شَيْئاً مِمَّا يُحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ إِلا عَلَّمَهُ نَبِيَّهُ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَكَانَ مِنْ تَعْلِيمِهِ إِيَّاهُ أَنَّهُ صَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ أَتَانِي عَنِ اللَّطِيفِ الْخَبِيرِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الأبْكَارَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الثَّمَرِ عَلَى الشَّجَرِ إِذَا أَدْرَكَ ثَمَرُهُ فَلَمْ يُجْتَنَى أَفْسَدَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ وَنَثَرَتْهُ الرِّيَاحُ وَكَذَلِكَ الأبْكَارُ إِذَا أَدْرَكْنَ مَا يُدْرِكُ النِّسَاءُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُنَّ دَوَاءٌ إِلا الْبُعُولَةُ وَإِلا لَمْ يُؤْمَنْ عَلَيْهِنَّ الْفَسَادُ لأنَّهُنَّ بَشَرٌ قَالَ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَمَنْ نُزَوِّجُ فَقَالَ الأكْفَاءَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَمَنِ الأكْفَاءُ فَقَالَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَكْفَاءُ بَعْضٍ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَكْفَاءُ بَعْضٍ.
2. Certain persons of our people whose chain of narrators I have missed have narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has taught to His Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, everything that is needed. Of such teachings is what he spoke one day from the pulpit. He (the Messenger of Allah) praised Allah and spoke of His glory, then said, ‘O people, Jibril came to me from the most Subtle, most Aware One and said, “The virgins are like ripe fruit on the tree which if not plucked up become spoiled because of the sun, and winds scatter them away. So also are virgins when they experience what women experience; then there is no medicine for them except husbands, otherwise, one is not safe from their getting spoiled because they are human beings.’” One man then stood up and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, to whom must we give in marriage?’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘Give them in marriage to their matches.’ He then asked, ‘Who is a match?’ He (the Messenger of Allah) replied, ‘The believers are each other’s match.’”
3
3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَيَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ خَلَقَ حَوَّاءَ مِنْ آدَمَ فَهِمَّةُ النِّسَاءِ الرِّجَالُ فَحَصِّنُوهُنَّ فِي الْبُيُوتِ.
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn Sayabah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Allah created the creatures from Eve and Adam. The ambition of women is for men and their fortresses are the homes.’”
4
4- أَبَانٌ عَنِ الْوَاسِطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ خَلَقَ آدَمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مِنَ الْمَاءِ وَالطِّينِ فَهِمَّةُ ابْنِ آدَمَ فِي الْمَاءِ وَالطِّينِ وَخَلَقَ حَوَّاءَ مِنْ آدَمَ فَهِمَّةُ النِّسَاءِ فِي الرِّجَالِ فَحَصِّنُوهُنَّ فِي الْبُيُوتِ.
4. Aban has narrated from al-Wasitiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Allah created Adam from water and clay so the ambition of the sons of Adam is in water and clay. He created Eve from Adam so the ambition of women is for men and their fortress is in the houses.’”
5
5- عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُمْهُورٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي بَعْضِ كَلامِهِ إِنَّ السِّبَاعَ هَمُّهَا بُطُونُهَا وَإِنَّ النِّسَاءَ هَمُّهُنَّ الرِّجَالُ.
5. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from ibn Jumhur from his father in a marfu’ manner who has said the following: “’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, in certain parts of his speech has said, ‘The ambition of beasts is to fill their stomach, and the ambition of women is to find men.’”
6
6- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ وَهْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) خُلِقَ الرِّجَالُ مِنَ الأرْضِ وَإِنَّمَا هَمُّهُمْ فِي الأرْضِ وَخُلِقَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَإِنَّمَا هَمُّهَا فِي الرِّجَالِ احْبِسُوا نِسَاءَكُمْ يَا مَعَاشِرَ الرِّجَالِ.
6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from his father from Wahab who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ‘Men are created from earth, their ambition is in earth, and women are created from men and their ambition is to find men; so keep your women, O community of men.’”
7
7- أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَنْبَسَةَ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَاصِمِيُّ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رِسَالَتِهِ إِلَى الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِيَّاكَ وَمُشَاوَرَةَ النِّسَاءِ فَإِنَّ رَأْيَهُنَّ إِلَى الأفْنِ وَعَزْمَهُنَّ إِلَى الْوَهْنِ وَاكْفُفْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ أَبْصَارِهِنَّ بِحِجَابِكَ إِيَاهُنَّ فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحِجَابِ خَيْرٌ لَكَ وَلَهُنَّ مِنَ الارْتِيَابِ وَلَيْسَ خُرُوجُهُنَّ بِأَشَدَّ مِنْ دُخُولِ مَنْ لا تَثِقُ بِهِ عَلَيْهِنَّ فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ لا يَعْرِفْنَ غَيْرَكَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ فَافْعَلْ. أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحُسَيْنِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدَكٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ ظَرِيفِ بْنِ نَاصِحٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُلْوَانَ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ عَنِ الأصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مِثْلَهُ إِلا أَنَّهُ قَالَ كَتَبَ بِهَذِهِ الرِّسَالَةِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِلَى ابْنِهِ مُحَمَّدِ [بْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ].
7. Abu ‘Abd Allah al-Ash’ariy has narrated from certain persons of our people from Ja’far ibn ‘Anbasah from ‘Ubadah ibn Ziyad from ‘Amr ibn abu al-Miqdam from abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-‘Asemiy from those who narrated to him from al-‘Ala’ from Ali ibn Hassan from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Kathir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, in his letter to al- Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam : ‘You must never consult women because their opinion is weak in reason and their aim is not durable. They must keep their eye cast down by means of your barrier, because strict privacy is better for you and for them and away from doubts. Their going out is not more difficult than entering of one to their place whom you do not trust about them. If you can, do something that no man other than you can know them; then do so.’” Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Sa‘id from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Husayniy from Ali ibn ‘Abdakin from al-Hassan ibn Tarif ibn Nasih from al-Husayn ibn ‘Ulwan from Sa‘d ibn Tarif from al- Asbagh ibn Nubatah from ‘Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, a similar Hadith except that he has said ‘Amir al-Mu’minin wrote it to his son Muhammad (bin al-Hanafiyah).
8
8- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ نُوحِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ (عَلَيْهِما السَّلام) إِذَا أَتَاهُ خَتَنُهُ عَلَى ابْنَتِهِ أَوْ عَلَى أُخْتِهِ بَسَطَ لَهُ رِدَاءَهُ ثُمَّ أَجْلَسَهُ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ مَرْحَباً بِمَنْ كَفَى الْمَئُونَةَ وَسَتَرَ الْعَوْرَةَ.
8. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid from Nuh ibn Shu’ayb in a marfu’ manner who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would spread his gown as furnishing when the husband of his daughter or sister would come to him (the Imam) and would say, ‘Welcome to the one who has taken good care of a need and the one who protected the privacy.’”