The Legal Status of Income from Hairdressing and Circumcising
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1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لَمَّا هَاجَرَتِ النِّسَاءُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) هَاجَرَتْ فِيهِنَّ امْرَأَةٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا أُمُّ حَبِيبٍ وَكَانَتْ خَافِضَةً تَخْفِضُ الْجَوَارِيَ فَلَمَّا رَآهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) قَالَ لَهَا يَا أُمَّ حَبِيبٍ الْعَمَلُ الَّذِي كَانَ فِي يَدِكِ هُوَ فِي يَدِكِ الْيَوْمَ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِلا أَنْ يَكُونَ حَرَاماً فَتَنْهَانِي عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لا بَلْ حَلالٌ فَادْنِي مِنِّي حَتَّى أُعَلِّمَكِ قَالَتْ فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ يَا أُمَّ حَبِيبٍ إِذَا أَنْتِ فَعَلْتِ فَلا تَنْهَكِي أَيْ لا تَسْتَأْصِلِي وَأَشِمِّي فَإِنَّهُ أَشْرَقُ لِلْوَجْهِ وَأَحْظَى عِنْدَ الزَّوْجِ قَالَ وَكَانَ لأمِّ حَبِيبٍ أُخْتٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا أُمُّ عَطِيَّةَ وَكَانَتْ مُقَيِّنَةً يَعْنِي مَاشِطَةً فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَتْ أُمُّ حَبِيبٍ إِلَى أُخْتِهَا أَخْبَرَتْهَا بِمَا قَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَأَقْبَلَتْ أُمُّ عَطِيَّةَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ بِمَا قَالَتْ لَهَا أُخْتُهَا فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) ادْنِي مِنِّي يَا أُمَّ عَطِيَّةَ إِذَا أَنْتِ قَيَّنْتِ الْجَارِيَةَ فَلا تَغْسِلِي وَجْهَهَا بِالْخِرْقَةِ فَإِنَّ الْخِرْقَةَ تَشْرَبُ مَاءَ الْوَجْهِ.
1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Harun ibn al-Jahm from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When women migrated toward the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, among them there was a woman called ‘Umm Habib and she circumcised girls. When the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, saw her, he asked, ‘O ‘Umm Habib, do you still do the work you did or have you stopped?’ She replied, ‘Yes, O Messenger of Allah, I still practice unless it is unlawful and you prohibit. He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘No, I do not prohibit. It is lawful. Come closer to me so I can teach you.’ She has said, ‘I went closer to him and he said, “O ‘Umm Habib, when you circumcise, you must not make a large cut from the root. You must only do it like a sniff (a little scrape) because it brightens the face and is enjoyable for the husband.’” ‘Umm Habib had a sister called ‘Umm ‘Atiyyah. She was a hairdresser. When ‘Umm Habib returned to her sister and informed her about what the Messenger of Allah had said ‘Umm ‘Atiyyah then came to the Messenger of Allah and told him about what her sister had told to her. The Messenger of Allah of said, ‘Come closer to me, O ‘Umm ‘Attiyah, when you work on the hairs of a girl you must not wash her face with rags; it absorbs the water of the face (affects the beauty of the face).”’
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2- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَشْيَمَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ دَخَلَتْ مَاشِطَةٌ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَقَالَ لَهَا هَلْ تَرَكْتِ عَمَلَكِ أَوْ أَقَمْتِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنَا أَعْمَلُهُ إِلا أَنْ تَنْهَانِي عَنْهُ فَأَنْتَهِيَ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لَهَا افْعَلِي فَإِذَا مَشَطْتِ فَلا تَجْلِي الْوَجْهَ بِالْخِرَقِ فَإِنَّهَا تَذْهَبُ بِمَاءِ الْوَجْهِ وَلا تَصِلِي الشَّعْرَ بِالشَّعْرِ.
2. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad ibn ’Ashaym from ibn abu ’Umayr from a man who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Once a hairdresser came to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and he asked her, ‘Have you stopped the work you were doing or not?’ She replied, ‘O Messenger of Allah, I still do it unless you prohibit. If so I will stop.’ He said, ’You can still do it but when doing a hair dressing do not clean the face with al-Khiraq (tatter); it takes away the beauty of the face, and do not connect someone else’s hair to another person’s hair.’”
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3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ مُكْرَمٍ عَنْ سَعْدٍ الإسْكَافِ قَالَ سُئِلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الْقَرَامِلِ الَّتِي تَضَعُهَا النِّسَاءُ فِي رُءُوسِهِنَّ يَصِلْنَهُ بِشُعُورِهِنَّ فَقَالَ لا بَأْسَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ بِمَا تَزَيَّنَتْ بِهِ لِزَوْجِهَا قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) لَعَنَ الْوَاصِلَةَ وَالْمَوْصُولَةَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ هُنَاكَ إِنَّمَا لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) الْوَاصِلَةَ الَّتِي تَزْنِي فِي شَبَابِهَا فَلَمَّا كَبِرَتْ قَادَتِ النِّسَاءَ إِلَى الرِّجَالِ فَتِلْكَ الْوَاصِلَةُ وَالْمَوْصُولَةُ.
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn abu Hashim from Salim ibn Mukram from Sa‘d al-Iskaf who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about women’s decorating their hairs with silk fibers or hairs and so on. He (the Imam) replied, ‘There is no offense in women’s beautifying themselves for their husbands.’ I (the narrator) said, ‘We are told that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, had condemned (hairs) connecting and connected women. He (the Imam) said, ‘It does not apply in this case. The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, had condemned only the connectors who commit fornication when they are young and when old lead men and women to commit fornication. This is called connecting and connected.’”
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4- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ كَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا أُمُّ طَيْبَةَ تَخْفِضُ الْجَوَارِيَ فَدَعَاهَا النَّبِيُّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَقَالَ لَهَا يَا أُمَّ طَيْبَةَ إِذَا خَفَضْتِ الْجَوَارِيَ فَأَشِمِّي وَلا تُجْحِفِي فَإِنَّهُ أَصْفَى لِلَوْنِ الْوَجْهِ وَأَحْظَى عِنْدَ الْبَعْلِ.
4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Asbat from Khalaf ibn Hammad from ibn Thabit who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘There was a woman called ‘Umm Taybah. She would circumcise girls. The Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, called her and said to her, ‘O ‘Umm Taybah, when you circumcise girls do not allow it to become excessive. It clears the color of the face and is more enjoyable for the husband.’”