Chapter 28(b) - Bail out and Assignment or Referral
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1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ قَالَ أَبْطَأْتُ عَنِ الْحَجِّ فَقَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مَا أَبْطَأَ بِكَ عَنِ الْحَجِّ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ تَكَفَّلْتُ بِرَجُلٍ فَخَفَرَ بِي فَقَالَ مَا لَكَ وَالْكَفَالاتِ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهَا أَهْلَكَتِ الْقُرُونَ الأولَى ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ قَوْماً أَذْنَبُوا ذُنُوباً كَثِيرَةً فَأَشْفَقُوا مِنْهَا وَخَافُوا خَوْفاً شَدِيداً وَجَاءَ آخَرُونَ فَقَالُوا ذُنُوبُكُمْ عَلَيْنَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَذَابَ ثُمَّ قَالَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى خَافُونِي وَاجْتَرَأْتُمْ عَلَيَّ.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from af-Fadf ibn Shadhan all from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtariy who has said the following: “I once remained behind from performing al-Hajj and abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, asked, ’What caused you to remain behind from performing al-Hajj ? 5 I replied, ’I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, I bailed out a person but he violated his responsibility . 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘What do you have to do with bailsman-ship? Did you not know that people of the centuries before were destroyed ? 5 He (the Imam) then said, ‘A people committed a great many sins. They then became severely afraid. Another people came to them and said, ‘Your sins are upon us . 5 Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, sent upon them suffering and He most Blessed, most High, said, ‘You were afraid of Me, then you defied Me . 555
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2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلام) فِي الرَّجُلِ يُحِيلُ الرَّجُلَ بِمَالٍ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ آخَرَ فَيَقُولُ لَهُ الَّذِي احْتَالَ بَرِئْتَ مِمَّا لِي عَلَيْكَ قَالَ إِذَا أَبْرَأَهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُبْرِئْهُ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ عَلَى الَّذِي أَحَالَهُ. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلام) مِثْلَهُ.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Jamil from Zurarah who has said the following: “About the case of an assignment if the assignee says to the debtor, ‘I wave in your favor what you owe me because of the assignment, one of the two Imam 5 , (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al- Salam, has said, ‘If the assignee waves it in favor of the debtor he (assignee) loses the right to ask the debtor for any payment; but if he (the assignee) does not wave it in favor of the debtor, he (assignee) has the right to ask the assignor for payment . 555 Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Hadid from Jamil from Zurarah has narrated from a similar Hadith.
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3- حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) رَجُلٌ كَفَلَ لِرَجُلٍ بِنَفْسِ رَجُلٍ فَقَالَ إِنْ جِئْتَ بِهِ وَإِلا عَلَيْكَ خَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ نَفْسُهُ وَلا شَيْ‏ءَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الدَّرَاهِمِ فَإِنْ قَالَ عَلَيَّ خَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ إِنْ لَمْ أَدْفَعْهُ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ تَلْزَمُهُ الدَّرَاهِمُ إِنْ لَمْ يَدْفَعْهُ إِلَيْهِ.
3. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad al-Kindiy from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan al-Mithamiy from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from abu al-‘Abbas who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who bails out a person assigning his own person as security, and the bailee says, ‘If you did not bring the bailed out person you must pay five hundred dirham . 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘The guarantor is required only to present himself and there is no dirham due on him. However, if the bailsman says, “I on failing to bring the bailed out person, will pay five hundred dirham , 55 payment of dirham becomes binding upon him if he does not present the bailed out person . 555
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4- حُمَيْدٌ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُحِيلُ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ أَيَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ لا يَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهِ أَبَداً إِلا أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ أَفْلَسَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ.
4. Humayd has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad from Ja’far ibn Sama‘ah from Aban from Mansur ibn Hazim who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who assigns another man to collect a certain amount of dirham from his debtor; if the assignee can demand payment from the assignor. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he can never do so unless the debtor was bankrupt before assignment . 555
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5- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَوْلُ النَّاسِ الضَّامِنُ غَارِمٌ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الضَّامِنِ غُرْمٌ الْغُرْمُ عَلَى مَنْ أَكَلَ الْمَالَ.
5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from certain persons of our people from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn Yaqtin from ibn Khalid who has said the following: “I once said to abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, what do you say about people’s saying, ‘The bailsman suffers loss . 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘The bailsman is not responsible for any loss. The one who has consumed the asset is responsible for the loss.”’
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6- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ أُتِيَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) بِرَجُلٍ تَكَفَّلَ بِنَفْسِ رَجُلٍ فَحَبَسَهُ فَقَالَ اطْلُبْ صَاحِبَكَ.
6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that once a man who had presented his person to bail out another man was brought before ‘Amir al-Mu’minin who placed him in custody and commanded him to present the man whom he had bailed out.’”