2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from certain individuals of his people from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Whoever says something about a believer that has not seen with his eyes and has not heard with his ears is then considered among those about whom Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, ‘Those who like to publicize indecency among the believers will face painful torment in this world and in the life to come. . . .’” (24:19)

3. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla ibn Muhammad from al- Hassan ibn Ali al-Washsha’ from Dawud ibn Sarhan who has said the following: “Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) about backbiting. The Imam said, ‘It is when you say about your brother in belief something about his religion that he has not done, and publicize against him something that Allah has covered up for him and he is not convicted for such crimes.’”

4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from his father from Harun ibn al-Jahm from Hafs ibn ‘Umar from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Holy Prophet was asked, ‘What is the expiation for backbiting?’ He said, ‘It is to ask forgiveness from Allah for the person backbitten whenever one remembers him. ’”

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Malik ibn ‘Atiyyah from ibn abu Ya’fur from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Whoever accuses a believer with something that is not in him, Allah will raise him formed with the clay of Khabal, in which he will remain until he is out of what he had said. ’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘What is KhabalT The Imam said, ‘It is the puss that comes out from the vagina of the prostitutes.’”

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al- ‘ Abbas ibn ‘Amir from Aban from a man we do not know except Yahya al- Azraq who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan (a.s.) once said to me, ‘Anyone’s mentioning a man behind his back with something that is found in him and people know is not backbiting. Whoever mentions a person behind his back with something that is found in him and people do not know it, he has backbitten him. Whoever mentions a person with something that is not found in him has accused him falsely.’”